Basic concepts:
A single effect
evaporator refers to a single evaporator that, when evaporating a solution, produces secondary steam that is no longer utilized and is only evaporated by a single device.
Structural composition
Heating chamber: It is usually a wall type heat exchanger composed of several heating tubes. The heated steam enters the tubes and condenses, releasing latent heat to heat the liquid inside the tubes.
Evaporation chamber: also known as separation chamber, located at the upper part of the evaporator, used to separate the vaporized secondary steam from the concentrated feed liquid.
Condenser: used to cool and condense secondary steam into liquid, with cooling water entering from the bottom and non condensable gas being discharged from the top.
Other auxiliary components: such as preheater, condensate storage tank, vacuum pump, circulation pump, condensate pump, electrical instrument control and valves, pipelines, etc.
Working principle: The raw material liquid to be evaporated is sent into the evaporator and directly flows into the heat exchange tubes of the heating chamber. The heated steam enters the inter tube condensation of the heating chamber, and the latent heat released is transferred to the material liquid flowing inside the tube through the tube wall, causing the solution to boil and vaporize when heated. The concentrated liquid is discharged from the bottom of the evaporator and enters the concentrated liquid storage tank as the product. After heating the steam and releasing heat, it condenses into condensate and is discharged from the lower part of the heating chamber. The generated secondary steam enters the condenser and is directly condensed by the cooling water.
Classification
Natural circulation single effect evaporator: It relies on the density difference generated by the heating of the solution to promote the natural circulation of the solution in the evaporator, suitable for the evaporation and concentration of low viscosity materials. The equipment structure is simple and does not require additional power equipment to promote material circulation, but the circulation speed is relatively slow.
Forced circulation single effect evaporator: By using an external pump to push the material to circulate in the evaporator, it can overcome the limitations of natural circulation and is suitable for high viscosity materials or solutions that are prone to scaling. It can improve heat transfer efficiency, prevent material scaling and blockage in the heating tube, but requires additional power consumption.
Falling film single effect evaporator: The material is added from the top head of the heater and evenly distributed into each heat exchange tube through the liquid distribution and film forming device. Under the influence of gravity, vacuum induction, and airflow, it flows in a uniform film shape from top to bottom. During the flow process, it is heated and vaporized by the shell side heating medium, with high heat transfer efficiency. It is suitable for the evaporation of heat sensitive materials, reducing the residence time of materials at high temperatures and avoiding material deterioration.
Characteristic
Advantages: The device has a simple structure, low design and manufacturing difficulty, and easy installation and maintenance; Relatively easy to operate, with low technical requirements for operators; Low investment cost, suitable for projects with lower initial investment; Strong adaptability, able to handle materials of various properties, especially widely used in small-scale and experimental production; Small footprint, compact equipment, and minimal space occupation, suitable for production lines with limited space.
Disadvantages: Due to the underutilization of the energy of the secondary steam, the energy consumption of the single effect evaporator is relatively high; The production capacity is small, the evaporation efficiency is low, and the efficiency is not high when processing large-scale materials.
Application Area
Chemical industry: used for the concentration, purification, and crystallization of various chemical solutions, such as inorganic salts, organic compounds, etc. In the production process, the solution can be efficiently concentrated to obtain high-purity chemical products.
Pharmaceutical industry: widely used in the concentration, purification, and drying processes of drugs, especially suitable for processing some thermosensitive drugs such as antibiotics, vitamins, etc. It can achieve drug concentration at lower temperatures to ensure drug quality.
Food industry: used for the concentration and purification of beverages such as milk and juice to improve their quality and taste. It can also be used to treat some food wastewater, such as wastewater from the production process of soy sauce, vinegar, etc., to achieve water resource recovery and pollutant concentration treatment.
In the field of
Wastewater treatment, it can be used for the treatment of industrial wastewater such as electroplating wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, and papermaking wastewater. Harmful substances in the wastewater are concentrated and removed through evaporation concentration to meet environmental discharge standards, while achieving the recycling and utilization of water resources.
Jinkebotong Environmental Protection Technology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd
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